Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; born 21 April 1926)[a] is Queen of the United Kingdom and 15 other Commonwealth realms.[b]. November 2020: Sie wurde von einem französischen Radiosende für tot erklärt. 623–624, Bond, p. 156; Bradford, pp. Her first royal walkabout, meeting ordinary members of the public, took place during a tour of Australia and New Zealand in 1970. (94) wird dieses Jahr stolze 95 Jahr alt. Elizabeth II. [8], Elizabeth's only sibling, Princess Margaret, was born in 1930. In 1965, however, the Rhodesian Prime Minister, Ian Smith, in opposition to moves towards majority rule, unilaterally declared independence while expressing "loyalty and devotion" to Elizabeth. Anders als es die Thronfolge vorschreibt, will sie die Krone aber nicht ihrem Erstgeborenen Prinz Charles, sondern ihrem Enkel Prinz William an seinem 40. [45][46] In later life, however, the Queen Mother told biographer Tim Heald that Philip was "an English gentleman". ↑ The Form and Order of Service that is to be performed and the Ceremonies that are to be observed in the Coronation of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II in the Abbey Church of St. Peter, Westminster, on Tuesday, the second day of June, 1953. Das hat das britische Verteidigungsministerium entschieden. In 2000, she said: To many of us, our beliefs are of fundamental importance. [204] Her lifelong love of corgis began in 1933 with Dookie, the first corgi owned by her family. [239], Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms since 1952, Note: Within parentheses, the year when inducted into the Order. She has reigned as a constitutional monarch through major political changes, such as devolution in the United Kingdom, accession of the United Kingdom to the European Communities, Brexit, Canadian patriation, and the decolonisation of Africa. She has an air of authority and reflectiveness astonishing in an infant. als Königin seit dem 6. Two years into his sentence, he attempted to escape a psychiatric hospital in order to assassinate Charles, who was visiting the country with Diana and their son Prince William. ist Staatsoberhaupt des United Kingdom (England, Schottland, Irland) und über den Commonwelth of Nations von insgesamt 53 Staaten. New Zealand Security Intelligence Service documents, declassified in 2018, revealed that 17-year-old Christopher John Lewis fired a shot with a .22 rifle from the fifth floor of a building overlooking the parade, but missed. [216], In November 1999, a referendum in Australia on the future of the Australian monarchy favoured its retention in preference to an indirectly elected head of state. Although her birth generated public interest, she was not expected to become queen, as Edward was still young and likely to marry and have children of his own, who would precede Elizabeth in the line of succession. [87] The Queen again came under criticism for appointing the prime minister on the advice of a small number of ministers or a single minister. [195] Plans for the Queen's own death and funeral, codenamed Operation London Bridge, have been prepared by British government and media organisations since the 1960s.[196]. [198] Aside from her official religious role as Supreme Governor of the established Church of England, she is a member of that church and also of the national Church of Scotland. She is the longest-lived and longest-reigning British monarch. I, like so many of you, have drawn great comfort in difficult times from Christ's words and example. "[39], Elizabeth met her future husband, Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark, in 1934 and 1937. [237], From 21 April 1944 until her accession, Elizabeth's arms consisted of a lozenge bearing the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom differenced with a label of three points argent, the centre point bearing a Tudor rose and the first and third a cross of St George. 17.11.2020, 09:32 Uhr | AFP. [21], In September 1939, Britain entered the Second World War. 160–163; Hardman, pp. He and Elizabeth lived intermittently in Malta for several months at a time in the hamlet of Gwardamanġa, at Villa Guardamangia, the rented home of Philip's uncle, Lord Mountbatten. [108] In 1980, Canadian politicians sent to London to discuss the patriation of the Canadian constitution found the Queen "better informed ... than any of the British politicians or bureaucrats". [144] Afterwards, for five days the Queen and the Duke shielded their grandsons from the intense press interest by keeping them at Balmoral where they could grieve in private,[145] but the royal family's silence and seclusion, and the failure to fly a flag at half-mast over Buckingham Palace, caused public dismay. Geboren wurde sie am 21. Under pressure from public opinion, she began to pay income tax for the first time, and Buckingham Palace was opened to the public. [113], From April to September 1982, the Queen's son, Prince Andrew, served with British forces in the Falklands War, for which she reportedly felt anxiety[114] and pride. [109], During the 1981 Trooping the Colour ceremony, six weeks before the wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer, six shots were fired at the Queen from close range as she rode down The Mall, London, on her horse, Burmese. As a constitutional monarch, she has not expressed her own political opinions in a public forum. [132] In March, her second son, Prince Andrew, and his wife, Sarah, separated; in April, her daughter, Princess Anne, divorced Captain Mark Phillips;[133] during a state visit to Germany in October, angry demonstrators in Dresden threw eggs at her;[134] and, in November, a large fire broke out at Windsor Castle, one of her official residences. Zu dieser Zeit regierte Winston Churchill als Premierminister. Elisabeth II. Königin Elisabeth II. Her mother, the Duchess of York (later Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother), was the youngest daughter of Scottish aristocrat the Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne. [117], Intense media interest in the opinions and private lives of the royal family during the 1980s led to a series of sensational stories in the press, not all of which were entirely true. April 1926 als älteste Tochter des britischen Königs Georg VI. ist mit ihren 94 Jahren noch topfit und denkt vermutlich noch gar nicht daran, bald abzudanken.Doch auch wenn es im Moment noch … [10] Crawford published a biography of Elizabeth and Margaret's childhood years entitled The Little Princesses in 1950, much to the dismay of the royal family. 325–326; Pimlott, pp. [108] Tony Benn said the Queen found Trudeau "rather disappointing". [147] In the broadcast, she expressed admiration for Diana and her feelings "as a grandmother" for the two princes. [42], The engagement was not without controversy; Philip had no financial standing, was foreign-born (though a British subject who had served in the Royal Navy throughout the Second World War), and had sisters who had married German noblemen with Nazi links. [121] Thatcher's biographer, John Campbell, claimed "the report was a piece of journalistic mischief-making". Zur Trauerfeier reist Lieblingsenkel Harry aus den USA an. [27] In 1940, the 14-year-old Elizabeth made her first radio broadcast during the BBC's Children's Hour, addressing other children who had been evacuated from the cities. Name:Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor. In England muss der Gürtel nun enger geschnallt werden. [108] Patriation removed the role of the British parliament from the Canadian constitution, but the monarchy was retained. [116] After hosting US President Ronald Reagan at Windsor Castle in 1982 and visiting his California ranch in 1983, the Queen was angered when his administration ordered the invasion of Grenada, one of her Caribbean realms, without informing her. Not amused – die britische Königin Elizabeth II bei einem Auftritt am 8. [168], The Queen, who opened the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, also opened the 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics in London, making her the first head of state to open two Olympic Games in two countries. Carl Gustaf XVI (Zweden), Prinses Anne, Princess Royal van het Verenigd Koninkrijk, Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland, lijst van onderscheidingen van Elizabeth II van het Verenigd Koninkrijk, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IvY-Abd2FfM, 't Is gebeurd: koning Bhumibol is dood en Queen Elizabeth is nu het langst regerende staatshoofd ter wereld, Elizabeth II | Biography, Family, Reign, & Facts, Women's Auxiliary Services during the Second World War, Queen Elizabeth II delivers coronavirus address and calls for unity, saying 'we will succeed', Meerderheid Australiërs wil William als koning. [79] Throughout her reign, the Queen has made hundreds of state visits to other countries and tours of the Commonwealth; she is the most widely travelled head of state. [170] On 4 April 2013, she received an honorary BAFTA for her patronage of the film industry and was called "the most memorable Bond girl yet" at the award ceremony. [101], A year later, at the height of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis, the Australian Prime Minister, Gough Whitlam, was dismissed from his post by Governor-General Sir John Kerr, after the Opposition-controlled Senate rejected Whitlam's budget proposals. [63] The British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, and Elizabeth's grandmother, Queen Mary, favoured the retention of the House of Windsor, and so on 9 April 1952 Elizabeth issued a declaration that Windsor would continue to be the name of the royal house. "[44] Later biographies reported Elizabeth's mother had reservations about the union initially, and teased Philip as "The Hun". The children remained in Britain. Königin Elizabeth II Elisabeth II. [115] On 9 July, she awoke in her bedroom at Buckingham Palace to find an intruder, Michael Fagan, in the room with her. [2] She was baptised by the Anglican Archbishop of York, Cosmo Gordon Lang, in the private chapel of Buckingham Palace on 29 May,[3][c] and named Elizabeth after her mother; Alexandra after George V's mother, who had died six months earlier; and Mary after her paternal grandmother. 6–7; Pimlott, p. 616; Roberts, p. 98; Shawcross, p. 8, Brandreth, pp. [41] She was 21 when their engagement was officially announced on 9 July 1947. Laut der „Sunday Times“ möchte die Königin zu diesem Anlass wieder nach London zurückkehren. [159] The UN Secretary General, Ban Ki-moon, introduced her as "an anchor for our age". 132–136, 166–169; Lacey, pp. 476–477; Shawcross, p. 192, Pimlott, pp. Historie televisie 1950 - 1959, de kroning van Koningin Elisabeth II van Engeland, https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_II_van_het_Verenigd_Koninkrijk&oldid=58717663, Wikipedia:Lokale afbeelding anders dan op Wikidata, Wikipedia:Artikel mist referentie sinds juni 2016, Wikipedia:Alle artikelen die een referentie missen, Wikipedia:Commonscat met lokaal zelfde link als op Wikidata, Wikipedia:Pagina's die ISBN magische links gebruiken, Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen, De kroning van Elizabeth II op 2 juni 1953 is de eerste buitenlandse. [129], In 1991, in the wake of coalition victory in the Gulf War, the Queen became the first British monarch to address a joint meeting of the United States Congress. We know, every one of us, that in the end all will be well. In 1971, Jock Colville, her former private secretary and a director of her bank, Coutts, estimated her wealth at £2 million (equivalent to about £28 million in 2019[224]). wird als Prinzessin Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor in London geboren. She was represented at the summit in Sri Lanka by Prince Charles. [52] The Duke of Windsor, formerly King Edward VIII, was not invited either. 69–70; Pimlott, pp. I won't leave without the King. Königin Elisabeth II. Lord Salisbury and Lord Kilmuir, the Lord Chancellor, consulted the British Cabinet, Churchill, and the Chairman of the backbench 1922 Committee, resulting in the Queen appointing their recommended candidate: Harold Macmillan. [120] Thatcher reputedly said the Queen would vote for the Social Democratic Party—Thatcher's political opponents. konnte bislang zwischen zwei Jumbojets auswählen. When she toured Canada and visited President Harry S. Truman in Washington, D.C., in October 1951, her private secretary, Martin Charteris, carried a draft accession declaration in case the King died while she was on tour. The Queen stated it was her "sincere wish" that Charles would follow her in the role. [98] As Britain's ties to its former empire weakened, the British government sought entry to the European Community, a goal it achieved in 1973. Queen Elizabeth II. Home Secretary, Herbert Morrison supported the idea, but the King rejected it because he felt such a title belonged solely to the wife of a Prince of Wales and the Prince of Wales had always been the heir apparent. Im Juni 2012 feierte Queen Elizabeth II. [22] They corresponded regularly,[22] and she and her parents made the first royal transatlantic telephone call on 18 May. Aber Prinz Philip ist in Krankheit und Gesundheit, im Guten und im Schlechten, bei seiner Frau geblieben. 301, 315–316, 415–417, Bradford, p. 181; Marr, p. 256; Pimlott, p. 419; Shawcross, pp. Königin Elisabeth II. In 1947, she married Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, a former prince of Greece and Denmark, with whom she had four children: Charles, Prince of Wales; Anne, Princess Royal; Prince Andrew, Duke of York; and Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex. Ihre Mutter war die jüngste Tochter des schottischen Grafen Claude Bowes-Lyon, 14. [127] The involvement of younger members of the royal family in the charity game show It's a Royal Knockout in 1987 was ridiculed. "[13] Her cousin Margaret Rhodes described her as "a jolly little girl, but fundamentally sensible and well-behaved". [111], Months later, in October, the Queen was the subject of another attack while on a visit to Dunedin, New Zealand. [142] In consultation with her husband and the Prime Minister, John Major, as well as the Archbishop of Canterbury, George Carey, and her private secretary, Robert Fellowes, she wrote to Charles and Diana at the end of December 1995, saying a divorce was desirable. 114–117, Hardman, p. 310; Lacey, p. 387; Roberts, p. 101; Shawcross, p. 218, accession of the United Kingdom to the European Communities, Wedding of Princess Elizabeth and Philip Mountbatten, the surname of his mother's British family, Commonwealth realm § From the accession of Elizabeth II, Queen Elizabeth II's Address to the United Nations General Assembly, her associated national and Commonwealth tours, wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer, New Zealand Security Intelligence Service, List of titles and honours of Elizabeth II, Princess Beatrice, Mrs Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi, Claude Bowes-Lyon, 13th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne, Claude Bowes-Lyon, 14th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne, List of special addresses made by Elizabeth II, Royal descendants of Queen Victoria and King Christian IX, Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, television licences in the United Kingdom, "The World War II Auto Mechanic in This Photo Is Queen Elizabeth II. gegenüber 73 Jahre lang unerschütterlich loyal zur Seite steht. [96] In addition to performing traditional ceremonies, she also instituted new practices. Wegen der Sparmassnahmen der britischen Regierung muss nun sogar Queen Elizabeth II. It was reported, most notably in The Sunday Times of 20 July 1986, that the Queen was worried that Margaret Thatcher's economic policies fostered social divisions and was alarmed by high unemployment, a series of riots, the violence of a miners' strike, and Thatcher's refusal to apply sanctions against the apartheid regime in South Africa. [225][226] In 1993, Buckingham Palace called estimates of £100 million "grossly overstated". [214] Her popularity sank to a low point in the 1990s. When in conversation with the Queen, the practice is to address her initially as Your Majesty and thereafter as Ma'am. Lord Hailsham[23] suggested that Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret should be evacuated to Canada to avoid the frequent aerial bombing. (94) Federn lassen [207], In the 1950s, as a young woman at the start of her reign, Elizabeth was depicted as a glamorous "fairytale Queen". Geboren am:21.04.1926. In a serious lapse of security, assistance only arrived after two calls to the Palace police switchboard. [12] Others echoed such observations: Winston Churchill described Elizabeth when she was two as "a character. Philip broke the news to the new queen. [14], During her grandfather's reign, Elizabeth was third in the line of succession to the British throne, behind her uncle Edward and her father. She declined, saying she would not interfere in decisions reserved by the Constitution of Australia for the Governor-General. [92] Harold Macmillan wrote, "The Queen has been absolutely determined all through ... She is impatient of the attitude towards her to treat her as ... a film star ... She has indeed 'the heart and stomach of a man' ... She loves her duty and means to be a Queen. Elizabeth has occasionally faced republican sentiments and press criticism of the royal family, in particular after the breakdown of her children's marriages, her annus horribilis in 1992, and the death in 1997 of her former daughter-in-law Diana, Princess of Wales. ist wieder da! Alle Jahrestage Heute: FELTAS. 14–16, Crawford, p. 26; Pimlott, p. 20; Shawcross, p. 21, Brandreth, p. 124; Lacey, pp. 572–577; Roberts, p. 94; Shawcross, p. 168, Brandreth, p. 358; Hardman, p. 101; Pimlott, p. 610, Bond, p. 134; Brandreth, p. 358; Marr, p. 338; Pimlott, p. 615, Bond, p. 134; Brandreth, p. 358; Lacey, pp. [107], According to Paul Martin Sr., by the end of the 1970s the Queen was worried the Crown "had little meaning for" Pierre Trudeau, the Canadian prime minister. Elizabeth was born in Mayfair, London, as the first child of the Duke and Duchess of York (later King George VI and Queen Elizabeth). [102] As Whitlam had a majority in the House of Representatives, Speaker Gordon Scholes appealed to the Queen to reverse Kerr's decision. In a magazine, which he owned and edited,[84] Lord Altrincham accused her of being "out of touch". 62–63; Pimlott, pp. [210] In the late 1960s, attempts to portray a more modern image of the monarchy were made in the television documentary Royal Family and by televising Prince Charles's investiture as Prince of Wales. [37] In 1946, she was inducted into the Welsh Gorsedd of Bards at the National Eisteddfod of Wales. [238] Upon her accession, she inherited the various arms her father held as sovereign. Er sei am Freitagmorgen „friedlich auf Schloss Windsor verstorben“, teilte der Buckingham-Palast mit. Her many historic visits and meetings include a state visit to the Republic of Ireland and visits to or from five popes. schon im Sommer 2021 zur Ruhe setzen. At various times between 1949 and 1951, the Duke of Edinburgh was stationed in the British Crown Colony of Malta as a serving Royal Navy officer. Januar berichtet, will sich Queen Elizabeth II. November 1961 in einem offenen Auto in Accra (Ghana) auf den Black Star Square fahren Foto: Paul Schutzer / Die LIFE-Bildersammlung / Getty Images) 222–226; Marr, p. 237; Pimlott, pp. [125] The same year, the elected Fijian government was deposed in a military coup. [201], She is patron of over 600 organisations and charities. [118] As Kelvin MacKenzie, editor of The Sun, told his staff: "Give me a Sunday for Monday splash on the Royals. Since Elizabeth had no brothers, she became heir presumptive. Her father ascended the throne on the abdication of his brother King Edward VIII in 1936, from which time she was the heir presumptive. "[35], During the war, plans were drawn up to quell Welsh nationalism by affiliating Elizabeth more closely with Wales. 621–622, Bond, p. 134; Brandreth, p. 359; Lacey, pp. Algemene informatie & historische achtergrond omtrent de regeerperiode van Elizabeth II. [28] She stated: "We are trying to do all we can to help our gallant sailors, soldiers, and airmen, and we are trying, too, to bear our own share of the danger and sadness of war. [128] In Canada, Elizabeth publicly supported politically divisive constitutional amendments, prompting criticism from opponents of the proposed changes, including Pierre Trudeau. [154], In May 2007, The Daily Telegraph, citing unnamed sources, reported the Queen was "exasperated and frustrated" by the policies of the British prime minister, Tony Blair, that she was concerned the British Armed Forces were overstretched in Iraq and Afghanistan, and that she had raised concerns over rural and countryside issues with Blair. The newspaper was forced to pay her legal fees and donated £200,000 to charity. [171] [126][146] Pressured by the hostile reaction, the Queen agreed to return to London and do a live television broadcast on 5 September, the day before Diana's funeral. One month earlier, the King had issued letters patent allowing her children to use the style and title of a royal prince or princess, to which they otherwise would not have been entitled as their father was no longer a royal prince. The two princesses were educated at home under the supervision of their mother and their governess, Marion Crawford. The proposal was never accepted and the following year France signed the Treaty of Rome, which established the European Economic Community, the precursor to the European Union. [124] Brian Mulroney, Canadian prime minister between 1984 and 1993, said Elizabeth was a "behind the scenes force" in ending apartheid. Eden recommended she consult Lord Salisbury, the Lord President of the Council. Königin Elizabeth II. Her godparents were: King George V and Queen Mary; Lord Strathmore; Television coverage of the coronation was instrumental in boosting the medium's popularity; the number of, Bradford, p. 22; Brandreth, p. 103; Marr, p. 76; Pimlott, pp. Königin Elizabeth II. Diana's two sons by Charles – Princes William and Harry – wanted to attend church and so the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh took them that morning. [75] By the time of her accession in 1952, her role as head of multiple independent states was already established. [89][90] In 1961, she toured Cyprus, India, Pakistan, Nepal, and Iran. (1895-1952) und seiner Frau Elisabeth, geborene Lady Bowes-Lyon (1900-2002). wurde am 21. Überblick Biografie Königin Elizabeth II. [233] (The Paradise Papers, leaked in 2017, show that the Duchy of Lancaster held investments in two tax haven overseas territories, the Cayman Islands and Bermuda. Die politische Einflussnahme der Königin beschränkte sich auf zuhören, beraten, warnen. 173–176; Shawcross, p. 16, Bousfield and Toffoli, p. 72; Charteris quoted in Pimlott, p. 179 and Shawcross, p. 17, Bradford, p. 80; Brandreth, pp. [97], The 1960s and 1970s saw an acceleration in the decolonisation of Africa and the Caribbean. Zum ersten Mal seit November vergangenen Jahres zeigte sich die Monarchin wieder in der Öffentlichkeit – und das aus gutem Grund. The celebrations re-affirmed the Queen's popularity, despite virtually coincident negative press coverage of Princess Margaret's separation from her husband, Lord Snowdon. The Queen also possesses royal standards and personal flags for use in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, and elsewhere. Und Prinz Philip sind beide mit Königin Victoria verwandt. (94) – und auch ein Einschnitt für die britische Monarchie, meint unsere Autorin Bettina Hartmann. [167] On 18 December, she became the first British sovereign to attend a peacetime Cabinet meeting since George III in 1781. 66–67, 84, 87–89; Bradford, pp. [157] On 20 March 2008, at the Church of Ireland St Patrick's Cathedral, Armagh, the Queen attended the first Maundy service held outside England and Wales. 1926) ist seit 1952 Königin und gilt als die am längsten amtierende britische Monarchin. 22, 210–213; Lacey, pp. [21] She "looked tearful" as her parents departed. [110] The Queen's composure and skill in controlling her mount were widely praised. Etwa die Hälfte aller Ehen enden mit einer Scheidung. Ze geldt als de langstzittende monarch uit de Britse geschiedenis. ; Pimlott, p. 207; Roberts, p. 82, Brandreth, p. 278; Marr, p. 126; Pimlott, p. 224; Shawcross, p. 59, Marr, pp. Grausame Schulzeit Prinz Charles wurde gemobbt 12.02.2019. 88–89, Lacey, p. 281; Pimlott, pp. [15] When her grandfather died in 1936 and her uncle succeeded as Edward VIII, she became second in line to the throne, after her father. [125][126], By the end of the 1980s, the Queen had become the target of satire. 2. An Anglican Liturgical Library. I hope also that this Jubilee year will be a time to give thanks for the great advances that have been made since 1952 and to look forward to the future with clear head and warm heart. Significant events have included her coronation in 1953 and the celebrations of her Silver, Golden, and Diamond Jubilees in 1977, 2002, and 2012, respectively. 21–22, Brandreth, p. 124; Crawford, p. 85; Lacey, p. 112; Marr, p. 88; Pimlott, p. 51; Shawcross, p. 25, Crawford, pp. [58] Martin Charteris asked her to choose a regnal name; she chose to remain Elizabeth, "of course";[59] thus she was called Elizabeth II, which annoyed many Scots, as she was the first Elizabeth to rule in Scotland. [108] Trudeau's supposed republicanism seemed to be confirmed by his antics, such as sliding down banisters at Buckingham Palace and pirouetting behind the Queen's back in 1977, and the removal of various Canadian royal symbols during his term of office. [149], In 2002, Elizabeth marked her Golden Jubilee. Her sister and mother died in February and March respectively, and the media speculated whether the Jubilee would be a success or a failure. geboren. [219] Referendums in Tuvalu in 2008 and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines in 2009 both rejected proposals to become republics. Philip suggested House of Edinburgh, after his ducal title. 280–281; Shawcross, p. 76, Hardman, p. 22; Pimlott, pp. Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne. [57] In early 1952, Elizabeth and Philip set out for a tour of Australia and New Zealand by way of Kenya. [32][33][34], At the end of the war in Europe, on Victory in Europe Day, Elizabeth and Margaret mingled anonymously with the celebratory crowds in the streets of London. 169–172, Brandreth, pp. [104] In 1978, the Queen endured a state visit to the United Kingdom by Romania's communist leader, Nicolae Ceaușescu, and his wife, Elena,[105] though privately she thought they had "blood on their hands". [78] During the tour, crowds were immense; three-quarters of the population of Australia were estimated to have seen her. [81] In November 1956, Britain and France invaded Egypt in an ultimately unsuccessful attempt to capture the Suez Canal. Königin Elizabeth II. The monarchy came under increased criticism and public scrutiny. 253–254; Lacey, pp. Elisabeth wurde am 21. [135] In an unusually personal speech, the Queen said that any institution must expect criticism, but suggested it be done with "a touch of humour, gentleness and understanding". So ist es im Interesse des großen Ganzen, das Elisabeth II. dankt ab und Kate Middleton wird Königin. 226–238; Pimlott, pp. 248–249; Marr, pp. [173] Because of her age and the need for her to limit travelling, in 2013 she chose not to attend the biennial Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting for the first time in 40 years. 159–161; Pimlott, pp. 175–176; Pimlott, pp. In the Channel Islands and Isle of Man, which are Crown dependencies rather than separate realms, she is known as Duke of Normandy and Lord of Mann, respectively. [140] Even though support for republicanism in Britain seemed higher than at any time in living memory, republicanism was still a minority viewpoint, and the Queen herself had high approval ratings. und Prinz Philip treffen in Abingdon ein, um das 50-jährige Bestehen der Royal Air Force zu feiern. Königin Elisabeth II. [160] The Queen's 11-day visit to Australia in October 2011 was her 16th visit to the country since 1954. 336–337, 470–471; Roberts, pp. [38], Princess Elizabeth went on her first overseas tour in 1947, accompanying her parents through southern Africa. Sie ist die älteste Tochter von Herzog Albert, dem späteren König Georg VI. 108–110; Lacey, pp. [155] She was, however, said to admire Blair's efforts to achieve peace in Northern Ireland. [211] In public, she took to wearing mostly solid-colour overcoats and decorative hats, which allow her to be seen easily in a crowd. [131] Republican feeling in Britain had risen because of press estimates of the Queen's private wealth – which were contradicted by the Palace – and reports of affairs and strained marriages among her extended family. 256–260; Roberts, p. 84, Brandreth, p. 374; Pimlott, pp. 56–57, Bradford, p. 45; Lacey, p. 148; Marr, p. 100; Pimlott, p. 75, Brandreth, pp. [192] She does not intend to abdicate,[193] though Prince Charles has been taking on more of her duties as the 94-year-old monarch carries out fewer public engagements. "[28], In 1943, Elizabeth undertook her first solo public appearance on a visit to the Grenadier Guards, of which she had been appointed colonel the previous year. [122] Belying reports of acrimony between them, Thatcher later conveyed her personal admiration for the Queen,[123] and the Queen gave two honours in her personal gift—membership in the Order of Merit and the Order of the Garter—to Thatcher after her replacement as prime minister by John Major.